{"id":13833,"date":"2023-01-25T09:00:06","date_gmt":"2023-01-25T08:00:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/parm.com\/?p=13833"},"modified":"2026-09-15T14:20:22","modified_gmt":"2026-09-15T12:20:22","slug":"the-project-triangle-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/parm.com\/en\/the-project-triangle-2\/","title":{"rendered":"The project triangle"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"et_pb_section_0 et_pb_section et_section_regular et_block_section\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_row_0 et_pb_row et_block_row\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_column_0 et_pb_column et_pb_column_4_4 et-last-child et_block_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_0 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--module--divi-text--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>The project triangle<\/p>\n<h1>Finding the balance between scope, costs and time<\/h1>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_image_0 et_pb_image et_pb_module et_flex_module\"><span class=\"et_pb_image_wrap\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/parm.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/Post_project_triangle.jpg\" alt=\"The project triangle\" title=\"Post_project_triangle\" width=\"2500\" height=\"1313\" srcset=\"https:\/\/parm.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/Post_project_triangle.jpg 2500w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) and (max-width: 980px) 980px, (min-width: 981px) and (max-width: 1280px) 1280px, (min-width: 1281px) 2500px, 100vw\" class=\"wp-image-258375\" \/><\/span><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_1 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--module--divi-text--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>Digitalization, artificial intelligence, sustainability, and new regulatory requirements are forcing companies to constantly adapt and change. To remain competitive, new projects are therefore continuously being launched. The goal is to make processes more efficient, introduce new technologies, or further develop products. However, as the number of projects increases, so does their complexity. Different teams work in parallel on related topics, key personnel are involved in multiple projects at the same time, and decisions made in one project have immediate repercussions on others. Despite professional project management, there is therefore a high risk that deadlines will be missed, resources will become scarce, and the expected benefits of strategic initiatives will fall short of expectations.     <\/p>\n<p>The cause of this often lies not in the quality of individual projects. Rather, there is a lack of an overarching view of interrelationships, dependencies, and shared goals. Program management provides the framework for managing multiple interconnected projects in such a way that, together, they achieve the desired strategic benefits.  <\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_row_1 et_pb_row et_block_row\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_column_1 et_pb_column et_pb_column_4_4 et_block_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_2 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--module--divi-text--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_88 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/parm.com\/en\/the-project-triangle-2\/#What_is_the_project_triangle\" >What is the project triangle?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/parm.com\/en\/the-project-triangle-2\/#The_three_dimensions\" >The three dimensions<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/parm.com\/en\/the-project-triangle-2\/#How_the_three_dimensions_relate_to_each_other\" >How the three dimensions relate to each other<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/parm.com\/en\/the-project-triangle-2\/#How_the_magic_triangle_helps_in_project_management\" >How the magic triangle helps in project management<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/parm.com\/en\/the-project-triangle-2\/#Differences_in_traditional_and_agile_project_management\" >Differences in traditional and agile project management<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/parm.com\/en\/the-project-triangle-2\/#Extensions_of_the_project_triangle\" >Extensions of the project triangle<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/parm.com\/en\/the-project-triangle-2\/#Conclusion\" >Conclusion<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_is_the_project_triangle\"><\/span>What is the project triangle?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>In classical project management, the three key factors\u2014scope, time, and cost\u2014are defined, and project management is then structured based on them. By forming the \u201cmagic triangle\u201d between these three dimensions, we can see how they are interconnected and, consequently, the need to balance these three dimensions in order to successfully complete a project. This makes it clear that a change in one of the variables simultaneously triggers changes in the other two dimensions to keep the triangle intact. A project manager\u2019s task, therefore, is to balance all three dimensions so that the project stays within budget and on schedule and meets all performance specifications. This can be a difficult task, as the three dimensions usually compete with one another.    <\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_column_2 et_pb_column et_pb_column_4_4 et-last-child et_flex_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_image_1 et_pb_image et_pb_module et_flex_module\"><span class=\"et_pb_image_wrap\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/parm.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/Project_triangle.png\" alt=\"The project triangle\" title=\"project_triangle\" width=\"539\" height=\"403\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) 539px, 100vw\" class=\"wp-image-258378\" \/><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_row_2 et_pb_row et_block_row\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_column_3 et_pb_column et_pb_column_4_4 et-last-child et_block_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_3 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--module--divi-text--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_three_dimensions\"><\/span>The three dimensions<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>To achieve an optimal balance among the three dimensions of the magic triangle, a project manager should have a deep understanding of how they can be influenced and where opportunities exist to adapt to changes as a project progresses. Therefore, it is important to understand the components that make up these dimensions. <\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_4 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--module--divi-text--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h3>1. Costs<\/h3>\n<p>This dimension includes not only the pure budget of a project, but also the available resources. This is because resources can be traced back to a financial value. For example, if additional staff is to support the project, if new equipment or additional rooms are needed, all of this will cause higher costs. Therefore, this point includes, among other things:   <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The budget, i.e. the financial framework of the project<\/li>\n<li>The number of team members<\/li>\n<li>Available equipment and devices<\/li>\n<li>Available office space<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_5 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--module--divi-text--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h3>2. Time<\/h3>\n<p>The dimension of time also goes beyond the mere duration of the project. Included are, among others: <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The project timetable as well as the number of project phases<\/li>\n<li>Hours worked on the project<\/li>\n<li>Time spent on planning and strategy<\/li>\n<li>Internal calendars and targets<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_6 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--module--divi-text--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h3>3. Scope<\/h3>\n<p>The scope of a project includes both the scope of the project outcomes and their quality. In traditional project management, it is determined before the time frame as well as the budget. These include: <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Scope of work<\/li>\n<li>Level of detail of the final product, e.g. number and complexity of functions<\/li>\n<li>Quality of the results<\/li>\n<li>Quantity of end products or number of product developments<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>Our tip:<\/em> In traditionally managed projects, \u201cscope creep\u201d\u2014that is, an expansion of the scope of work without a corresponding adjustment to the budget or timeline\u2014can occur over the course of a project. Therefore, it is important that the planned scope of work and its quality be documented and approved before the project begins. Every change should also be documented, and its implications analyzed. This ensures that changes can be approved, including with regard to budget and timeline.   <\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_7 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--module--divi-text--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"How_the_three_dimensions_relate_to_each_other\"><\/span>How the three dimensions relate to each other<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>There are two different types of relationships in the project triangle. On the one hand, the relationship between the scope to be achieved and the other two variables is directly proportional. This means that scope moves in the same direction as time and cost. So if the scope of a project increases, for example because the volume is increased or the quality is improved, the available time and \/ or the costs must also be adjusted.    <br \/>The relationship between costs and time, on the other hand, is inversely proportional, with the variables moving in opposite directions. Thus, if costs are to be reduced, time must be increased. If a project is to be completed more quickly, so the time dimension is reduced, the costs must increase.  <\/p>\n<p>This leads to the following insights:<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_image_2 et_pb_image et_pb_module et_flex_module\"><span class=\"et_pb_image_wrap\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/parm.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Magisches_Dreieck_Balance.jpg\" title=\"Project_triangle_balance\" width=\"562\" height=\"863\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) 562px, 100vw\" class=\"wp-image-258379\" \/><\/span><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_8 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--module--divi-text--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"How_the_magic_triangle_helps_in_project_management\"><\/span>How the magic triangle helps in project management<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>It is highly unlikely that none of the dimensions of the \u201cmagic triangle\u201d will undergo changes during the course of a project\u2019s implementation. Therefore, the central idea behind the concept is that a project cannot be successful if all three dimensions are rigidly fixed. To allow for some leeway for any necessary adjustments, at least one of these elements should be flexible. You should therefore choose your focus carefully and coordinate it with your project\u2019s stakeholders. In this way, the Magic Triangle helps you with project planning and management, cost control, as well as risk management and change management. If the focus is on meeting the schedule, for example, it\u2019s advisable to have an additional budget approved before the project starts to cover any necessary additional resources, or to clarify which deliverables are optional. If, on the other hand, your focus is on staying within budget, you should clearly communicate that the project deadline will need to be postponed or the scope of work reduced should unforeseen changes arise.      <\/p>\n<p><em>Our tip:<\/em> To ensure clarity before the project begins and to know exactly how to proceed in the event of changes, you should document the most important points in the project charter (LINK: Project Documents) or project handbook. This includes: <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The client's preferences in case adjustments need to be made.<\/li>\n<li>Any pre-approved contingency budget<\/li>\n<li>A list of the most likely changes, as well as possible action plans for them, describing the impact on time, cost and scope.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>During project implementation, keep all three dimensions in mind at all times so that you can react to changes at any time or think of measures to take if a change occurs.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_9 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--module--divi-text--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Differences_in_traditional_and_agile_project_management\"><\/span>Differences in traditional and agile project management<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>In traditional project management, it is assumed that the scope is fixed, as it is defined in terms of scope and quality, for example in the specifications. Costs and time are more flexible in this case. They are planned, but can change if necessary.<br \/>However, agile project management reverses this view so that costs and time are fixed, but performance is adjusted. This is because the iterative planning in Scrum, for example, uses so-called sprints in which the work is done. Their number or duration is usually fixed, which also makes the costs of a project easy to estimate. Thus, it is the scope that is variable.     <\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_10 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--module--divi-text--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Extensions_of_the_project_triangle\"><\/span>Extensions of the project triangle<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Today, it is often no longer sufficient to focus on just three dimensions in project management. Therefore, the dimension of scope is often subdivided into quality and content. This is referred to as the magic square or the devil's square.<br \/>The magic triangle can also be expanded to include the all-encompassing factor of customer satisfaction, which is about the satisfaction of all stakeholders. Since they usually have different demands on a project, it is important that the needs of all project stakeholders are addressed.   <\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_row_3 et_pb_row et_block_row\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_column_4 et_pb_column et_pb_column_4_4 et-last-child et_block_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_11 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--module--divi-text--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Conclusion\"><\/span>Conclusion<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>The project triangle is well suited for visualising the interrelationships of the most important factors in project management: time, costs and scope. It quickly becomes clear that these dimensions should be balanced and that a change in one dimension will result in a change in the other dimensions. A realistic assessment of all three factors at the beginning of the project as well as setting the right priorities and clear communication are therefore of high importance for the success of a project.  <\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_row_4 et_pb_row et_block_row\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_column_5 et_pb_column et_pb_column_1_2 et_block_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_12 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--module--divi-text--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>With project management software such as myPARM, you can keep an eye on all three dimensions at all times and thus take action if something changes in one dimension. Real-time reporting in dashboards with all the important key figures and an early warning system help you to do this. If changes occur in one of the dimensions, you can quickly see within the software how these changes affect the other factors and therefore how you can intervene.  <\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_column_6 et_pb_column et_pb_column_1_2 et-last-child et_block_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_13 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--module--divi-text--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>Find out more about the myPARM project and portfolio management software:<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_module et_pb_button_module_wrapper et_pb_button_0_wrapper preset--group--divi-button--divi-spacing--hl8mx1oobv_wrapper preset--group--divi-button--divi-button--hi917qs--default_wrapper preset--module--divi-button--default_wrapper\"><a class=\"et_pb_button_0 et_pb_button et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-button--divi-spacing--hl8mx1oobv preset--group--divi-button--divi-button--hi917qs--default preset--module--divi-button--default\" href=\"https:\/\/parm.com\/en\/myparm\/\" target=\"_blank\">More information<\/a><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_14 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--module--divi-text--&quot;default&quot;\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>Would you like to get to know myPARM in a demo? Then make an appointment with us right away! <\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_module et_pb_button_module_wrapper et_pb_button_1_wrapper preset--group--divi-button--divi-spacing--hl8mx1oobv_wrapper preset--group--divi-button--divi-button--hi917qs--default_wrapper preset--module--divi-button--default_wrapper\"><a class=\"et_pb_button_1 et_pb_button et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_block_module preset--group--divi-button--divi-spacing--hl8mx1oobv preset--group--divi-button--divi-button--hi917qs--default preset--module--divi-button--default\" href=\"https:\/\/calendly.com\/d\/ymv-ffv-cqx\" target=\"_blank\">MAKE AN APPOINTMENT<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Whether a project can be completed successfully or not depends on many different factors. However, the three factors of cost, time and scope are particularly important. Parm AG explains the interrelationships between these factors and the resulting conflicts of objectives in its latest blog post on the magic triangle.  <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":13846,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[49],"tags":[544,586,54,587,588],"class_list":["post-13833","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-project-management","tag-budget-en","tag-magisches-dreieck-en","tag-project-management","tag-projektumfang-en","tag-zeit-en"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>The project triangle | Parm AG<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Keeping the balance between performance, costs and time in a project succeeds with the magic triangle of project management.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/parm.com\/en\/the-project-triangle-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The project triangle\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Whether a project can be completed successfully or not depends on many different factors. 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